Recent changes to health and safety legislation, in particular the 'Work at Height Regulations 2005', are forcing many organisations to review their current window cleaning services and eliminate the need to work at height by using companies that provide window cleaning using water fed poles.
LaddersFree operate The National Register of Ladderless Window Cleaners: a network of approved, independent window cleaning companies. LaddersFree use the register to offer national window cleaning solutions to a number of organisations across the UK.
Our unique concept of uniting a national workforce of independent companies providing window cleaning using advanced water fed pole technology, alongside our established database of traditional window cleaners has positioned us as one of the UK's leading service providers in it's field.
National window cleaning management utilising "the local window cleaning company" ensures you receive benefits that are unrivalled in the industry. · Compliance with Health and Safety Legislation · Increased Service Levels · Reduced Risk · One Point of Contact · One Invoice · Competitive Pricing · Network of Approved Window Cleaners
Comply with The Work at Height Directive 2005 - Water fed poles provide a safe high level window cleaning method that complies with the recent changes to work at height legislation. Window cleaning is carried out with the operator's feet safely on the ground preventing the need to work at height and eliminating the risks associated to using ladders
Benefits of Using Water Fed Poles - Water Fed Poles can offset the need for cherry pickers and have, at many premises made cradles and eyebolts redundant providing substantial cost savings.
No Subcontracting - LaddersFree members do not subcontract work to any third parties therefore ensuring we can continuously monitor both service levels and health and safety compliance. Jason Korinek, national account director of LaddersFree Ltd comments: 'Sometimes, window cleaning work can be subcontracted two or three times, which may compromise health and safety, service, quality and cost. When this occurs, there's no guarantee that the window cleaning operatives have the relevant liability cover, which puts everyone concerned at risk. Subcontracting with LaddersFree is prohibited and all the members carry out the work themselves, meaning fair pay is received and the highest standards upheld'.
Quality Control - Each and every member of LaddersFree's National Register of Ladderless Window Cleaners is carefully vetted for performance and quality control. Before carrying out work for Laddersfree members must meet certain criteria for window cleaning services using water fed poles.
As Jason Korinek, national account director of LaddersFree Ltd puts it: "We're in a unique position to provide national organisations with a national window-cleaning contract." "The highest standards are upheld across the U.K. because our Certificate of Registration guarantees quality, and our National Register of Ladderless Window Cleaners cuts out sub-contractors." The LaddersFree system of national window cleaning management is backed by the Welsh Development Agency. The beauty of it is… there are no sub-contractors. "When jobs are passed on, there's no guarantee that the person who ends up cleaning the windows has the relevant liability cover. We don't allow our members to sub-contract, which means fair pay for local companies, and great service for all customers, everywhere," said Jason. "National organisations - from shops, hotels, offices, and schools to airports and council buildings - can now have a national service. It reduces a vast amount of red tape for customers. They no longer have to check on their window cleaning contractors because we've basically done all that work for them. The Certificate of Registration can be presented along with the quotation, which brings peace of mind."
The ability of pure water to evaporate off glass without a mark or stain was the catalyst in bringing the water treatment and window cleaning industries together in the late nineties. The experience and knowledge from both industries lead to a technical revolution with the development of an advance high level window cleaning system using purified water simplified only by it's use and name 'water fed pole'.
The water purification process is usually determined upon the required volume and the minerals within tap water. Water treatments include reverse osmosis and de-ionisation. It is the minerals within normal tap water that would be left behind during window cleaning causing spots and smears if the purification process was not carried out.
The window cleaning operator brings up to 1000 litres of purified water on site contained within a large tank usually mounted inside a transit van.
Hoses connect the tank's pump to the water fed pole. The water is pumped up the specially designed light-weight telescopic pole extending to heights of 65ft/20m. The water is jet sprayed through a soft bristled brush at the top of the pole that is used to remove the dirt off the window. An overhead rinse on the dual hose systems can also be used as a detergent dispenser for more vigorous cleaning jobs.The pure water attracts the impurities on the glass working like a magnet to dirt, before being rinsed away. The water is then left to evaporate leaving a spotless finish.
This process has similarities to the fresh air experience after heavy rain falls usually associated with tropical climates; the pure water from the clouds absorbs the dust and dirt contained in the air
Benefits of Using Water Fed Poles
1) complies with The Work at Height Directive 2005
2) minimises the damage caused to buildings as a result of ladder work
3) reduced disturbance to building occupants
4) reaches previously inaccessible windows and windows that are above sensitive ground areas such as lawns and flower beds
5) prevents the requirement to maintain secure fittings, such as eyebolts and the need to hire expensive equipment
6) no detergent residue means that windows do not get dirty so quickly - windows stay cleaner for longer!
Methods of Window Cleaning - Having access to a wide portfolio of window cleaning methods means LaddersFree can carefully choose the best method for our clients taking both risk and cost into consideration.
Traditionally window cleaners have relied upon portable ladders, platforms, scaffolds, bosun's chair and cradles for access for window cleaning. In recent years many window cleaners have adopted the use of waterfed pole systems that facilitate the cleaning of windows up to 60ft/20 metres high from ground level. Avoiding the need to work at height is an obvious immediate attraction, however, there are various considerations to be taken into account. These will include: · Provision of uncluttered access to building facades. · Designers of buildings to ensure reasonable access. · Acceptance by everyone, including homeowners, that if they want clean windows they will have to accept that windows will be left in a wet condition and that the process may take 2-3 cleans before acceptable standards are achieved. · Window cleaners accepting waterfed pole cleaning. · Waterfed poles are not suitable for all types of windows and access. Legal changes resulting from the Work at height regulations pending 2005 will further tighten safe practice. All those involved in window cleaning need to adapt if deaths and injuries are to be reduced. This information sheet sets out practical precautions to help window cleaners reduce risks to as low a level as possible, taking into account the needs of the job. It has been prepared in co-operation with the National Federation of Master Window and General Cleaners and Waterfed Pole manufacturers.
Scope For the purpose of this guidance, the term "waterfed pole" is defined as a telescopic pole fitted with a brush and a means of delivering purified water for window cleaning. The use of purified water is an integral part of the cleaning process. The term "Load" is defined as the water treatment system/water delivery tank, waterfed poles and other ancillary accessories such as hose reels and warning signs.
Avoiding Risk The use of waterfed poles removes the need to work at height and providing the window to be cleaned can be viewed from the ground without obstruction, it is possible to clean using a waterfed pole. Although adopting waterfed use may remove the risks involved when working at height consideration must be given to both operational risks and other obvious risks that apply to waterfed pole use. When assessing operational risks consideration must be given to the location of the building, its design site conditions obstacles, terrain underfoot, weather conditions and overhead power sources. The suitability of the operator with regard to their level of fitness and medical history and the need to identify any muscular or skeletal disorders that may develop as a result of operating a pole using poor technique. Less obvious risks include the consequences of carrying tank systems and equipment that are heavy, unstable, unsecured or incorrectly installed within a vehicle, as well as the small/slight potential for the spread of legionella disease caused by poorly maintained filter systems. Buildings on both industrial estates and domestic properties can present different risks than those in busy town or city locations, consideration must be given to the time of cleaning and traffic conditions and preventing public access to the working area. Warning signs should be displayed to warn of trip hazards presented from trailing hoses and the slip hazard presented by wet. Slippery surfaces. Hi-viz clothing should be worn by operators, especially when near to pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Consideration should be given to adverse weather conditions. Consideration should also be given to size of working and in the event of the waterfed pole being dropped or blown over.Risk Assessment The purpose of risk assessment is simply to identify particular risks on any job in order to take precautions to minimise them, typically these may include: · Instruction in the need for the operator to be vigilant with regard to the surroundings. · Providing adequate PPE and/or roof edge protection or other systems. · Giving consideration to the day and time of cleaning. · Provision of hi-viz clothing. · Cordoning off work areas to prevent public access.
Lone Working Lone workers are defined as employees who work by themselves without close contact or direct supervision (this section does not apply to self employed window cleaners). No window cleaner should work alone in any area or location that would involve increased risk to their safety. E.g. on a busy street or near electric. If working in a team on a single site, regular (hourly) checks should be made on any lone worker. If a window cleaner is dropped on a job to work solo, intervals between contacts should not exceed one hour. If a window cleaner is working solo for a full shift or day, a one hour contact system should be established, e.g. mobile phone or radio. Personal protective equipment (PPE) PPE is not directly relevant to the use of waterfed poles and is limited to protection against adverse weather conditions. Hard hats may however be appropriate when use of waterfed poles may dislodge defective parts of the building fabric.
Training & Competence All waterfed pole users should be suitably trained and competent. They should have appropriate knowledge, experience and practical skills for the work being undertaken. Personnel with different levels of responsibility, such as managers, will require different types of competence. There are at present no nationally recognised qualifications with regard to Use of Waterfed Poles. New employees will therefore claim competence on joining a company. Management must access proof of competence at the earliest opportunity. This competence is best assessed on a live contract. The following criteria should be used at initial and ongoing assessments: · Daily pre use check · Manual handling · Ground conditions · Cordoning off · Common Hazards · Dos and don'ts Any gaps in knowledge should be assessed and suitable training and/or supervision be provided until competence is achieved. Waterfed pole specific training covering all aspects covered in these guidance notes in greater detail is available from The British Window Cleaning Academy (Accredited City & Guilds NVQ centre).
Competent Person A competent person may be defined as a designated person suitably trained or qualified by knowledge and practical experience to enable them to: · Carry out their required duties at their level of responsibility. · Fully understand any potential hazards related to their work. · Detect any defects or omissions in that work, recognise any implications for health and safety, and be able to specify appropriate remedial action needed including refusal to do work if the danger is too great. · Know their limitations and not be frightened to ask for help. In other words a competent person should not only be able to discover defects, but tell what effect they are likely to have.
Dos and Don'ts · Don't use a defective waterfed pole. · Don't use a waterfed pole in high winds. · Don't use a waterfed pole near to overhead power lines. · Don't use a waterfed pole during thunder and lightening. · Do carry our pre-use checks of equipment. · Always cordon off and/or display suitable warning signs when working in public areas.
Further Reading · Road Traffic Act 1998 · Road Vehicle (construction and use) Regulations · BS EN: 12195 Load Restraint Regulations · Control Of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Regulations 2002 · Approved Code of Practice (L8): The Control Of Legionella Bacteria in Water Systems 2000 · Workplace Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations 1992 · Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 · PUWER : Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulation · HASAWA: Health And Safety At Work Act 1974 · MANAGEMENT REGS: Management Of Health and Safety At Work Regs · PPE REGS: Personal Protective Equipment Regulations
click here to see a PDF sample of the certificate
Our members - LaddersFree understands that the success of any organization is dependent upon its people. We are able to provide our customers with assurance of the competency of our members by carrying out an assessment of each member. Each member must meet certain criteria for window cleaning using water fed poles. This includes a completed competency report, detailed information about the knowledge, experience and training that they have acquired, information on internal health and safety procedures, two commercial referees and a copy of public and employers liability cover.
Quality Control - rigorous performance management and quality control practices also ensure customers receive a consistent standard of window cleaning throughout their UK premises as we aim to provide our customers with service levels that are unrivalled in the industry.
No Subcontracting - LaddersFree members do not subcontract work to any third parties therefore ensuring we can continuously monitor both service levels and health and safety compliance. Jason Korinek, national account director of LaddersFree Ltd comments: 'Sometimes, window cleaning work can be subcontracted two or three times, which may compromise health and safety, service, quality and cost. When this occurs, there's no guarantee that the window cleaning operatives have the relevant liability cover, which puts everyone concerned at risk. Subcontracting with LaddersFree is prohibited and all the members carry out the work themselves, meaning fair pay is received and the highest standards upheld'.
Work Permit Cards - we appreciate that some of our customers will have concerns about security at their premises particularly where our operatives are carrying out work at establishments where the occupants are elderly, for example retirement care homes, nursing homes and hospitals. Where required window cleaning operatives will be able to provide work permit cards that have been issued by LaddersFree.
Health and Safety at LaddersFree - as well as compliance with the most stringent health and safety guidelines we believe it is our responsibility to ensure our members are fully conversant in safe window cleaning methods, recent changes to work at height legislation and understand risk assessments and method statements. We provide our members with an online support facility that gives them helpful guidance on health and safety issues including the latest changes to health and safety legislation, for example The Work at Height Directive 2005.
Risk Assessments and Method Statements - before the commencement of work at any site we undertake a risk assessment to identify any hazards and ensure method statements are completed for all the window cleaning activities undertaken at each site. We appreciate that people may be around when our members are working, so our operatives are clear on when and where to display safety signs where there is an identified risk. From our induction to our on site work practices we take health and Safety seriously and have maintained a spotless record with all our customers.
SAFEcontractor Accreditation - for the last two years, LaddersFree have received accreditation from SAFEcontractor, a programme which recognizes very high standards of health and safety practice with a uniform standard across the business.
James Ostler, Managing Director at National Britannia, one of the UK's largest indeoendent risk management specialists said 'Major organizations can no longer run the risk of employing contractors who are not able to prove that they have sound health and safety policies. More companies need to understand the importance of adopting good risk management the way that LaddersFree has done. The firms' high standard has set an example, which hopefully will be followed by other companies within the sector'.
The Work at Height Directive 2005 - on 6th April 2005 the 'New Work at Height Regulations' were published, forcing decision makers to immediately review their present window cleaning services. Under the directive, duty holders must make sure that their contractors, such as window cleaners, are conforming to the legislation - even if this means amending their present working practices. The legislation states that appropriate work equipment (such as water fed poles) must be selected and used and those involved with work at height competent.
Introduction Portable ladders have traditionally been used by window cleaners mainly for cleaning windows on ground, first and second floors. Most falls to window cleaners involve the use of portable ladders. In recent years figures for accidents reported to HSE and local authorities show that between two and seven window cleaners have been killed each year in Great Britain and about 20-30 suffer major injuries as a result of falls involving ladders. Many more suffer less serious injuries that result in several days off work. These accidents are usually due to the misuse of a ladder or error by the operative; very few are caused by faults in ladders. Misuse includes such activities as over-reaching, stepping off the ladder and working from window sills and ledges with no safeguards; working from sloping roofs; and working from excessively long, unsecured ladders. Economic pressures mean that many householders, workplaces and window cleaners themselves have all accepted such practices as unavoidable risks of the job. Building owners, designers, and window cleaners need to understand that window cleaners will continue to suffer regular accidents unless a different approach is taken. This will include: l wider provision of means to allow safe access in commercial buildings in accordance with the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992; l designers of all buildings ensuring safe window cleaning is possible. New commercial and industrial buildings should have information in the health and safety file regarding safe access for window cleaning; l acceptance by everyone, including domestic residents, that if they want clean windows they will sometimes have to accept different ways of working and that some windows may need to be left uncleaned if safe access is not possible; l window cleaners adapting to safer ways of working. Future legal changes resulting from the recent European Directive on work at height will further tighten the law. All those involved in window cleaning need to adapt if deaths and injuries are to be reduced. This information sheet sets out practical precautions to help window cleaners reduce risks to as low a level as possible, taking into account the needs of the job. It has been prepared in co-operation with the National Federation of Master Window and General Cleaners.
Scope For the purpose of this guidance, the term portable ladder is defined as a ladder that can be put up and taken down by one, or possibly two, operatives without the need for any tools or mechanical appliance and can be easily moved from workstation to workstation and transported between sites.
Avoiding the risk Although window cleaners have traditionally workedmainly from outside buildings, cleaning from inside can effectively eliminate the risk of falling, and should be considered wherever window design allows this to be carried out in safety. In some situations, use of long pole systems can also help avoid risks of falling. However, these cannot be used in every situation and risks from falling poles or contact with power lines need to be considered. Also the large quantities of water created on the ground can result in an increased risk of slipping, especially if it freezes or is carried into shops. Some windows may be so dangerous to reach for external cleaning from a ladder that window cleaners and customers will have to accept that cleaning must be done from inside, or at greater expense, for example using other means of access. If these options are not possible, the windows should be left uncleaned. Window cleaners should not have to risk their lives just because someone does not want to pay for safe access or cannot arrange a time for access. Where external cleaning from height is the chosen method, using the safest equipment is the best approach to reducing risk. Ladders should not be an automatic choice and alternatives should always be considered first.
Choice of equipment The choice of access equipment will be determined by: · the height to be negotiated; · the site conditions; · the duration and extent of work; · the frequency of required access. For some jobs, a mobile elevating work platform will be the best option. However, for many jobs, especially on domestic and small commercial buildings, risk assessment will demonstrate that because of the short duration of the work and features on the building that cannot be altered, ladders are the only realistic option. Control measures will then be required to reduce the risk from their use in accordance with current legal requirements. In all cases, a judgment has to be made on the appropriate form of access. For example, on a single job in a location where the great majority of windows can be cleaned in reasonable safety from a ladder, the cost of providing a mobile elevating work platform may be disproportionate to the slightly higher risk of using a longer ladder for a small number of windows. The purpose of risk assessment is simply to identify the particular risks on any job in order to take the appropriate precautions to minimise them. Conditions change at the same building, for example at different times of year due to weather or slippery surfaces. For similar jobs, a generic risk assessment for providing safe access will be sufficient, but before work starts at every visit it must be reassessed by whoever is on-site to ensure that the assessment is still valid and the conditions are safe for work to proceed. The generic assessment should cover likely variations in conditions. Window cleaners should know what standards are expected in response to varying conditions, as well as recognising their own limitations, and when more expert assessment is needed before tackling a job. Ladders should only be used for light work of short duration at lower levels. Current industry best practice is that 9 m is the maximum length of portable ladder window cleaners should use. Even below this length, for some jobs other means of access may be more suitable. For example, where a building has extensive glazing it may be reasonably practicable to clean it more safely from a mobile elevating work platform or tower scaffold where site conditions permit such an approach.
Common hazards associated with the use of ladders · Falls from ladder when stepping on and off the lower rungs · Falls due to ladder slipping sideways at the upper resting point · Falls due to ladder slipping outwards at the bottom · Falls due to ladder moving because of unsuitable ground conditions · Falls due to ladder placed at incorrect angle · Falls due to failure of ladder · Falls or electric shock due to overhead electrical hazards · Falls due to adverse weather conditions · Injury during handling of ladders · Injury to others from falling tools Because ladders are in such regular use, there is a constant temptation to take the odd chance but this is when most accidents occur and all window cleaners must beware of overconfidence or complacency in using them.
Choosing ladders Although they cause relatively few accidents, ladder failures do happen and it is important that ladders are selected properly. The ladder and its intended use should comply with the relevant British or European Standard.
Is it strong enough? New ladders are generally marked according to their safe working load. However, the classification can vary slightly in the values given, and has caused confusion. The variation is due to the different way in which the values for safe working loads are expressed. In the British Standards it is 'duty rating' and has been arrived at by taking into account the general conditions and probable frequency of use for each type. The European Standard uses 'maximum static vertical load'. British Standard ladders to either BS 2037 (Aluminium) or BS 1129 (Wood): · Class 1. (Industrial) duty rating 130 kg (20 stone) = maximum vertical static load 175 kg · Class 3. (Domestic) duty rating 95 kg (15 stone) = maximum vertical static load 125 kg European Standard ladders to BS EN 131 (All types): · (Previous Class 2) duty rating 115 kg (18 stone) = maximum vertical static load 150 kg In practice, window cleaners most commonly use ladders to BS EN 131. Domestic ladders, British Standard Class 3, are not recommended for commercial window cleaning. Although lighter to carry, they are not as durable and if they are used then particular care must be paid to maintenance checks and regular replacement will be likely.
Is it long enough? The overall length of a ladder is not the same as its usable length: · Allow 1 m of ladder length above the highest rung you use. · Avoid standing on the top three rungs. · Current best practice is to limit ladder length to a maximum of 9 m.
Maintenance · Ladders are work equipment subject to the requirements of the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER). · Ladders should be numbered individually and placed on an equipment register which records: - make/type of ladder; - duty/weight/class rating; - date first put into use. · The ladder should be subject to suitable, regular documented management inspections, which take into account the degree of use and type of ladder. In practice, three-monthly inspections are recommended. · Procedures should be in place for handling any defect found, which would include repair or removal of the ladder from service. l Ladders should be subjected to a daily pre-use check. l Defects will include: cracked, bent or warped stiles; cracked, bent or missing rungs; loose, defective or missing feet, tie rods, brackets; and corrosion of fittings.
Stability of ladders The key factor in preventing falls from ladders is to ensure the ladder is stable in use. Almost all falls from ladders happen because the ladder moves unexpectedly. Tying the ladder to a suitable point to prevent movement is the most secure arrangement and should be done where site conditions permit. This is still relatively rare for window cleaning. While tying near the top offers the highest level of safety, doing this in window cleaning will involve climbing to the top of the unsecured ladder and the risks may outweigh the benefits compared to the time spent on the ladder cleaning a window. Another means of securing ladders that could be used is tying partway down using anchorages at a height of 2 m and quick-release straps. Using proprietary stability devices or footing ladders may help in some circumstances. Footing is of little value in preventing sideways slip at the top of ladders, especially those that are over 6 m long. HSE is currently reviewing footing techniques and general ladder guidance will cover this topic. When selecting a ladder stability device, ensure that it will increase the stability of the ladder sufficiently. Currently there is no standard covering these devices that can be used to assess their performance. In window cleaning work, all ladders longer than 6 m must be secured The need to secure ladders less than 6 m long will depend on a number of factors including: l height - the greater the height, the greater the risk; l lone work - self-employed cleaners cannot use footed ladders and not all locations may permit the use of stability devices; · inherent stability of the ladder - the more securely the feet and top are located, eg by wedging on the ground or into a corner of a building, the less the risk. Unstable conditions include: · adverse weather conditions, eg high winds, rain, snow, ice; · uneven ground; · loose, unstable surfaces; · slippery surfaces, eg due to wet leaves or moss; · placing at incorrect angle; · sloping ground, either in line with or away from the face of the building. All of these factors should be carefully considered when deciding whether an unsecured ladder will be stable enough to allow window cleaning in safety.
Use of ladders On every job, ladders should be secured as far as site conditions permit. If you are not securing the ladder by tying it, and using a stability device or footing is not realistic or considered necessary, then correct use of the ladder will be the sole safeguard. For example, using a 4 m ladder in good condition on firm, level and dry ground, with no loose contaminants such as sand or leaves and where it can be held in place firmly by a window reveal, will often be sufficiently safe without further securing. l Over-reaching is a very common cause of ladder movement and avoiding this cannot be over-emphasised. · Ladders should be fitted with anti-slip feet. · Ladders should be placed at the correct angle (75 degrees or 1 m out for every 4 m up). · Both stiles must be in contact with the ground and the upper resting point of the ladder. · The surface that the top of the ladder is resting on must be strong enough to withstand the load. Plastic gutters, infill panels and glass are unsuitable surfaces to rest a ladder against. · Ladder rungs and stiles should be clean and not slippery. · Ladder accessories may improve stability and should be used when necessary. Extensions to stiles can help ensure stability on slopes and swivelling cupped or articulated feet also help. · The window cleaner should face the ladder at all times when going up and down. · The window cleaner should always have one hand on the ladder or other secure handhold and both feet on the ladder at all times when working from the ladder. · The window cleaner should wear suitable footwear that is in good condition, has good grip and is flexible enough to feel the position of the foot on the ladder rung. In practice, trainers with clean soles and a good grip satisfy these requirements. · Ladders should not be left unattended. · Warning signs should be displayed in public areas and protection from traffic is essential. · Personal tools and equipment should be secured at all times when going up and down portable ladders. In practice, this can be achieved by use of tool belts or carriers.
Manual handling If the ladder is too heavy get assistance. The length of ladder that can be safely handled by a single person will depend on their build, age and experience but, as a general indication, longer ladders for cleaning above 6 m may require two people for some operations.
Work above roofs Many windows are located above short lengths of sloping roof, for example above front porches or dormer windows positioned a short way up the sloping face of the roof; others are often located above garage or extension flat roofs. Such windows pose particular problems for window cleaners. Where such windows can be cleaned safely from indoors, every effort should be made to do so. However, this is often not possible due to window design, or is inconvenient or unacceptable to householders concerned about dirt being carried indoors or having strangers in their homes. Not cleaning certain windows may be the only option. In older properties, particularly where windows are often jammed shut, householders will have to accept that some windows cannot be cleaned because the risks are too great. Other means of cleaning windows above roofs include extension poles (and pole systems) and mobile elevating work platforms. Roofs should only be used for access when there is no other reasonably practicable way of safely reaching and cleaning the windows above the roof. Many falls through fragile roofs still occur and the suitability of any roof for access needs to be carefully assessed, preferably by inspection and discussion with the owner. Fragile roof lights can be a particular problem, especially where they are not immediately visible, and any work involving close approach to these will need careful consideration, in conjunction with the building owners. Safety is often simply achieved on the flat roof area of non-domestic buildings by the use of clearly marked safe areas or physical distance from the edge of the roof to the window. If installed, any safety wire system or other suitable means of fall arrest must be used and safety harnesses and lanyards must be worn and used. Anyone who uses fall protection equipment must be trained in its correct use and in rescue procedures. All such equipment must be tested and routinely examined as outlined in HSE guidance leaflet Inspecting fall arrest equipment made from webbing or rope. Use a suitable support for ladder feet to spread the point load from the stiles and ensure stability if using a ladder on flat roofs.
Commercial premises The Workplace Regulations require provision of safe access for window cleaning by the building duty holder. Despite these Regulations, many smaller commercial buildings still do not provide safe access and this can cause great difficulty for window cleaners, particularly when almost identical domestic properties provide no such safeguards. Occupiers of commercial premises have to comply with the law and in all cases a safe access method must be provided and used. Domestic occupiers have no such duty under criminal law.
Lone working and portable ladders Lone workers are defined as employees who work by themselves without close contact or direct supervision (this section does not apply to self-employed window cleaners). No window cleaner should work alone in any area or location that would involve increased risk to their safety, eg in the delivery yard of a hotel where vehicles might hit a ladder, on a busy street or on a road. No window cleaner should work alone on portable ladders longer than 6 m. If you are working in a team on a single site, regular (hourly) checks should be made on any lone worker. If a window cleaner is dropped on a job to work solo, intervals between contacts should not exceed one hour. If a window cleaner is working solo for a full shift or day, a one-hour contact system should be established, eg mobile phone or radio.
Don'ts/common misuses · Don't use a defective ladder. · Don't overreach. · Don't straddle from a ladder to a nearby foothold. · Don't take a grip on the building and stretch in the opposite direction. · Don't place a ladder on boxes, bricks, drums or other unstable surface to gain extra height.
Training and competence All window cleaners should be suitably trained and competent. They should have appropriate knowledge, experience and practical skills for the type of work being undertaken. Personnel with different levels of responsibility, such as managers, will require different types of competence. Other than NVQs, there are at present no nationally recognised qualifications with regard to window cleaning. New employees will therefore claim competence on joining a company. Management must assess proof of competence at the earliest opportunity. This assessment is best undertaken on a live contract. The following criteria should be used at initial and ongoing assessments: · daily use check; · manual handling; · securing and footing; · ladder stability devices; · ground conditions; · signage/barriers when the base of the ladder may be struck by pedestrians or vehicles; · common hazards; · do's and don'ts.
Any gaps in knowledge should be assessed and suitable training and/or supervision provided until competence is achieved.
Competent person A competent person may be defined as a designated person, suitably trained or qualified by knowledge and practical experience to enable them to: · carry out their required duties at their level of responsibility; · fully understand any potential hazards related to their work; · detect any defects or omissions in that work, recognise any implications for health and safety, and be able to specify appropriate remedial action needed, including refusal to do the work if the danger is too great. In other words, a competent person should not only be able to discover defects but tell what effect they are likely to have.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) PPE is not directly relevant to the use of portable ladders and is limited to protection against adverse weather conditions, eg extremes of heat, sunshine and cold.
Supervision The degree of supervision required for work using ladders will depend on a number of factors including: competence and experience of the window cleaner; · maturity; · reliability; · potential/temptation to take short cuts on particular jobs; · risk; · degree of control by client site staff. In window cleaning, as in many jobs where work moves rapidly from place to place, supervision is often no more than periodic checks that workers are following set procedures, with the frequency of such checks depending on the supervisor's knowledge and experience of workers' practice. While many window cleaners have to work on their own for long periods, some degree of supervision will always be needed to ensure that bad habits do not appear.
Source of Information - Health and Safety Executive MISC613 C250 9/03
LaddersFree Health and Safety GUIDELINES FOR WINDOW CLEANING
WINDOW CLEANING USING ROPE ACCESS TECHNIQUES
Introduction This information sheet gives window cleaners guidance on the use of rope access methods and controlling risks. The contents should also be noted by clients, specifiers, managers and contractors. It has been produced because rope access is increasingly used in window cleaning and it has become clear that not all window-cleaning businesses fully understand the complexities of using this access method. Because of the limited range of tasks in window cleaning compared with rope access methods across all industries, less breadth of knowledge is required and only simpler rope access skills are generally needed. Nevertheless, full competence in those areas necessary remains crucial, as for all rope access work. This guidance is not intended to apply to the use of bosun's chairs, although some of the information may be relevant (the use of an additional back-up line, for example). This document provides summary guidance only. Anyone involved with rope access operations should familiarise themselves with the British Standard Code of Practice BS 7985: 2002: The use of rope access methods for industrial purposes (see 'Further reading').
Choice of access method For any window-cleaning task, in the first instance an assessment should be made to establish whether rope access is an appropriate method for the work. For all work at height, the most intrinsically safe means of access should always be the first consideration. Other safer methods of access, such as cleaning from inside, suspended access equipment or mobile platforms, will often be preferable. In general, the most effective control for any hazard is to eliminate it and only if this is not possible should you then look to control risks to an acceptable level.
General requirements for a safe system of work Rope access must be only be used within a defined system of work. Elements of a safe system will include: · proper management and planning including risk assessment and supervision; · use of trained, competent persons; · selection, maintenance and care of appropriate equipment; · proper control of working methods, including: - use of work equipment, - emergency procedures, - protection for third parties.
Management and planning Risk assessment Factors to be considered include the likely duration of the work, the ease of access, the possibility of using an alternative, safer work method (eg work platform, work from inside the building) and the presence of any hazards. Management A nominated person should be identified, who is responsible for managing all aspects of rope access work. The nominated person must have experience and/or training in the type of work the company plans to undertake. Similarly, designated supervisors will be required to directly oversee and direct work in progress on all jobs. Planning rope access operations A system of work should be drawn up, taking account of risks from rope access operations generally and jobspecific risks that are present and can be foreseen. The safe system should specify rescue arrangements, selection of correct equipment, selection of people with the necessary level of competence and arrangements for control and communication.
Personnel Competence A competent person may be defined as someone who is suitably trained or qualified by knowledge and practical experience to enable them to: - carry out their required duties at the level of responsibility required of them; - fully understand any potential hazards related to the work under consideration; - detect any technical defects or omissions in that work, recognise any implications for health and safety, and be able to specify appropriate remedial action as necessary.
Safety in window cleaning using rope access In other words, a competent person should be able not only to discover defects but tell what effect they are likely to have. Safety in rope access work critically depends on high levels of competence in all staff.
Levels of responsibility for those involved in rope access work For rope access operations, levels of responsibility are usually defined as: - rope access manager: can define and operate a safe system applicable to all worksites; - supervisor: can implement a safe working system for a particular worksite; - operative: can carry out specific work tasks under supervision.
Managers It is desirable for managers to have practical experience of various work methods. Necessary management skills will include knowing how to: - create and operate a general system for management of rope access operations, to include as an absolute minimum the requirements set out in this information sheet; - understand and recognise risks arising from different work situations; - create and properly use generic and task-specific method statements; - implement procedures for proper purchase, inspection and care of rope access equipment; - compile method statements and ensure proper application on-site; - decide on specific working methods for rope access techniques and work tasks; - ensure supervision, work equipment and personnel are appropriate for the work to be done; - monitor and review effectiveness of working methods.
Operatives Operatives should be at least 18 years of age, normally with a maximum weight of 100 kg. They should have an aptitude for work at height and must be physically capable of carrying out the tasks required. They should be free from any impairment that may prevent them from working safely at height. No one suffering the following conditions should do rope access work: - heart disease/chest pain; - high blood pressure; - epilepsy, fits, blackouts; - fear of heights/vertigo; - giddiness/difficulty with balance; - impaired limb function; - alcohol or drug dependence; - psychiatric illness/undergoing counselling; - diabetes.
Employees should undergo regular medical examination to ensure they are reasonably physically fit.
Training and competence All operatives should have received training in rope access work and should have appropriate knowledge, experience and practical skills for the type of work being undertaken. Training should be carried out by a competent organisation, and should include assessment of specific skills and knowledge. The training programme should be formalised in both time and performance, and should be assessed by a competent person who did not deliver the training. Training schemes should clearly state the scope of the training provided, the intended duration of certification and any limitations to be observed, either of individual personnel or of working methods. Companies should be aware that training is no substitute for experience. Newly trained individuals should be closely supervised and introduced to rope access work gradually, under carefully controlled circumstances. Practice of 'mock-up' work situations is recommended. If access techniques have not been used for more than six months, refresher training must be carried out and the operative should receive a higher level of supervision until they have become accustomed again to this type of work. Operatives should maintain a working record showing training received and details of subsequent work experience. This record will assist employers in assessing and verifying an employee's suitability for particular types of work. Before starting any job, all operatives must be competent to: - properly inspect access equipment before every use; - understand all risks arising from the access method and work task; - use all access techniques required by a particular worksite. For window cleaning work, the minimum level of practical skills needed will include: - controlled descent; - use of back-up system; - short ascent; - change from one rope to another; - knots, elementary safe rigging, rope management; - selection of safe anchor points; - equipment care and pre-use checks; - safety of third parties; - elementary rescue.
Supervisors Every job must be properly supervised by people with experience and appropriate training in the type of access method to be used. In particular, supervisors should be fully conversant with the access techniques required for each job and should be aware of any limitations of those techniques. Supervisors should also be competent in rescue techniques for both general and specific situations and must have the appropriate interpersonal skills to perform their duties effectively. Necessary skills can be summarised as follows. Supervisors should be able to: - implement working methods set out by the manager; - understand risks set out by different work situations; - execute and direct all access methods required by a particular work task; - plan for (and be able to carry out) any necessary rescue for a particular work situation; - have experience of and competence in worksite and personnel supervision; - eliminate or control hazards to operatives or third parties; - properly manage and care for all access and work equipment on-site.
Access equipment Selection All equipment should be appropriate to its application. Almost all rope access equipment is classed as personal protective equipment and should therefore carry a CE mark. All access equipment should be supplied with a certificate of conformity, giving the specifications and performance characteristics where appropriate. If there is any doubt as to the suitability of equipment, obtain advice from a competent supplier. A list of relevant standards is given in BS 7985: 2002 (see 'Further reading').
Key requirements of rope access equipment - The harness should be a sit harness conforming to EN 813. - Descender devices should be of a type that will stop if the user loses control or allow only a slow, automatically controlled descent in the hands-off position. - The back-up device should be capable of withstanding any foreseeable forces resulting from the rope access activity, without catastrophic damage to the line or device. - Rope should be of kern mantel construction, semistatic (low-stretch) type, of a diameter between 10.5 mm and 11.5 mm, in accordance with EN 1891. Dynamic mountaineering rope (EN 892) is not suitable for suspension or as a back-up rope, but may be used for personal lanyards (cows' tails). Certification, marking, trace ability Equipment should be individually marked in a way that does not impair its function. Equipment should be properly maintained and stored, and should be traceable back to the manufacturer or supplier. Inspection, care, maintenance, longevity Equipment should be inspected before each use (preuse inspection) and examined thoroughly by a competent person in accordance with a specified schedule, normally at intervals no greater than six months. If equipment is used in arduous environments, inspection should take place at intervals no greater than three months. The results of thorough inspections should be recorded. Rope access equipment is classified as lifting equipment and therefore falls within the requirements of the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER). Where cleaning companies employ subcontracted access technicians, they must confirm that the subcontractor carries out checks to ensure that all equipment used is fit for purpose and in good condition. Other PPE Some work tasks or work environments may require the use of other protective equipment, such as warm clothing, waterproofs, hearing or eye protection, gloves etc.
Control of working methods Risk control measures that apply to all rope access work - Operatives will always be attached to at least two independently anchored safety systems. - Connection to the rope access system should bein an area where there is no risk of a fall from a height, unless there is protection by other means. - Exclusion zones should be established as appropriate. This may require zones at locations other than top and bottom of the rope access work. - An efficient communication system should be established, eg mobile phone, radio, whistle etc. - All practicable measures should be taken to avoid injury-causing impact with the structure or obstructions. - Operatives should be properly dressed and equipped, appropriate to the work situation and conditions. Consideration of working methods In addition to general controls for rope access, there will be specific considerations such as: - type of access method, eg descent, ascent, traversing, suspension, aid climbing (see following section); - ease of anchoring; - ease of access to and egress from work position, eg flat roof, clear pavement; - objective hazards during the work, eg wind, sun, rain (especially wind); - dangers to third parties.
The level of skill required of operatives and the level of necessary supervision will be indicated by these factors.
Types of rope access methods For window-cleaning companies to carry out rope access operations safely, it is essential that they are clearly aware of the different requirements of various access situations, and to consider whether they are competent for a specific technique. If, after such consideration, the cleaning company does not have sufficient experience or competence, it may consider one of the following: using a specialist contractor; employing an experienced supervisor; or additional training of personnel. As a rough guide, the following situations may be considered to be of increasing difficulty and complexity and requiring correspondingly more advanced skills. Working in suspension (descent and ascent) This covers most situations, such as building exteriors. It can be broadly categorised as follows: Straightforward: rope follows simple path from anchor point to ground. Relatively simple techniques for descent/ascent and rescue. With deviation: rope pulled small distance away from vertical during descent. Requires slight increase in technique compared to the previous method. With 're-belays': intermediate anchor points required between top and bottom of descent. Requires significant increase in technique, especially for rescue, because a single descent to the ground is not possible. Without clear egress at bottom: potentially hazardous - requires competence in long ascents and special rescue methods. Any of the above methods may be complicated by additional factors such as difficulty in reaching the point of descent, lack of convenient anchorages, presence of sharp edges, complex structure, busy worksite, proximity of roads or other public thoroughfares, other objective dangers. Aid climbing and traversing (atria and other interiors) Aid climbing is a special access technique requiring additional training or experience. In addition, the work situations for which it is used may present additional hazards, such as heat exposure (glass atria), difficulty of rescue, and the possibility of falling. These methods should only be used by specifically trained and qualified operatives, following a thorough risk assessment. Appropriate access, rescue plans and equipment should be provided.
Specific requirements for rope access operations - If the operative is in tension or suspension, there should be at least two independent anchor lines, one primarily as a means of access, egress and support (the working line) and the other as additional back-up security (the safety line). - The operative should be connected to both the working line and the safety line via an appropriate harness, even if a workseat is being used. Measures should be taken to avoid inadvertent detachment from the working and safety lines. - There should always be at least two attachments to the structure when aid climbing. - The back-up device should be kept as high as possible to prevent or limit a fall (limited free fall). - Anchor points should be unquestionably sound and ropes should be arranged to avoid abrasion.
Use of work equipment Steps should be taken to ensure that any work equipment (eg cleaning tools, buckets, squeegees etc) is properly secured and used safely. All items must be attached so they cannot fall, and large items (over 8 kg) should be suspended on an additional haul rope. Tool bags or pouches may be appropriate for some work.
Rescue The provision of adequate emergency measures is of prime importance when carrying out rope access work. There should be a specific rescue plan for each worksite, with on-site practice if appropriate. In any case, work teams should practice rescue techniques from time to time. Operatives should always be in a position to recover themselves, or to be recovered quickly and efficiently by the immediate work team or by a dedicated on-site rescue team. Rescue equipment should be appropriate to the nature of the workplace, eg length of ropes, availability of extra anchor slings, hauling equipment etc.
First aid Every worksite should have access to reasonable firstaid provision and at least one member of a work team should have received first-aid training.
Legislation - The Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 (LOLER) contain wide-ranging requirements on all aspects of carrying out 'lifting operations', including all rope access. - The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (MHSWR) specify general requirements for identifying the nature and level of risks associated with work operations. - The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER) apply to all work equipment, which is required to be suitable for the intended purpose. Personnel must be properly trained to operate the equipment with which they are provided. The Construction (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1996 C(HSW)R contain specific requirements on the prevention of falls (Regulation 6). 'Construction' includes
LaddersFree Health and Safety GUIDELINES FOR WINDOW CLEANING
WINDOW CLEANING USING SUSPENDED AND POWERED ACCESS EQUIPMENT
Introduction For every window cleaning job, the choice of access equipment will be determined by the height to be negotiated, site conditions, duration and extent of work and frequency of access. Cradles and mobile elevating work platforms are an ideal form of access for external window cleaning for many larger buildings. Use of this type of equipment is one of the safest ways to clean windows, but things can still sometimes go wrong. This information sheet provides a series of checklists for window cleaning businesses so that they can reduce risks as far as possible. It has been produced in co-operation with the National Federation of Master Window and General Cleaners. Suspended access equipment Contractor checks As a window cleaning contractor, you are responsible for ensuring that the workplaces you and your employees are going into are safe. In particular, you must be satisfied that the suspended and powered access equipment you're being given to use is safe. Before you commence work or take up any contract, here are a few crucial matters you must check. · Have the equipment's owners carried out their own risk assessment and recorded the findings on its use under the Management of Health and Safety At Work Regulations 1999 and the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998? · Does the risk assessment cover all significant risks, including those brought about by the age of the equipment, its suitability for the work and the management and maintenance regimes? · IS the risk assessment genuinely specific to that building or does it appear to be just a generic one? · Does the risk assessment deal with emergency procedures, rescue, communications and breakdowns, eg can operators be manually winched up or down, can operators be retrieved back into the cradle after falling out? · Has the suspended access equipment (SAE) been thoroughly examined and maintained recently? · Have you seen a copy of the last Certificate of Thorough Examination and its last maintenance inspection? If you haven't, do not use the SAE. · Is there a written or illustrated safe system of work for the equipment? · Is there a system to authorise access to the equipment? · Is there a suitable system of communication that takes emergencies into account, eg mobile phones? · Are powered access users included in any emergency evacuation procedure for the building in the event of a bomb or fire evacuation? Preliminary checks before use Before you or your employees step onto a cradle or platform you must check the following: · ls a written or even illustrated safe system of work or operational manual for the equipment accessible on-site for users at all times? · Can the building's roof area be accessed safely or do you have to use a safety wire system to reach the SAE? · Is it possible to access the SAE from a safe location? Operators must not have to climb over the edge of a building into a cradle, nor unhook any safety harness at any time once they are attached. Before commencing any work activities you must check that the SAE is safe and appears to be in good physical working condition. Key points include: · Are all safety devices operating correctly? · Are all control buttons operating correctly and can the cradle be properly controlled? · Are designated safety anchorage points provided on the cradle? · Are there any physical signs of wear or damage? · Is there any exposed electrical wiring? · Are all electrical connectors good and secure? · Are there dents or misalignment in any tracks or runways? · Is the floor of the cradle damaged when viewed from both above and below? · Are the ropes correctly reaved on the drum (if visible) and through pulleys? · Are the ropes frayed, rusted or unlubricated? · Are there any signs of extensive corrosion to the cradle, tracks or runways? · For articulated equipment, check all connecting pins are in place by taking the load and inspecting the joints. · Check all guard-rails by applying a short, sharp pull on them while outside the equipment. Operation The safe use of the SAE is essential and the following should be used as a checklist: · Ensure that the operators have been fully trained in the use of all SAE (it is the responsibility of the window cleaning contractor to carry this out but they must be provided with suitable information on the use of the SAE by the equipment's owners, ie the building management). · Ensure the safe working load is not exceeded - with both people and equipment. · Ensure all tools and equipment taken into the cradle are secured, eg by suitable lanyards. · It is a good idea to check that the cradle runs smoothly and that there are no faults by carrying out a number of ascents and descents prior to starting work. If there are any doubts about the mechanical worthiness of the equipment, do not use it. · If the building's windows open outwards make sure the building's owner understands that people should not open windows while you are working. Always check for obstructions in the direction of travel. · Never work outside the confines of the platform. · Never alter the configuration of the equipment. · Stop work and report any malfunctions that occur. · Consider the weather conditions and do not operate if the wind speed is too high: - Has the manufacturer prescribed a maximum wind speed, eg 25 mph? - How is this to be measured? - Is there excessive rain or snow or has ice formed on the equipment? · Prevent other persons approaching the SAE when it is being operated: - Has the area of operation been cordoned off? - Are warning signs posted? - Can operations be carried out at a different time outside normal working hours, eg at weekends? · When work is completed, the SAE must be stored or garaged in accordance with local instructions: - Does the power have to be manually disconnected? - Does the SAE have to be secured on the roof with ties or straps? - Does the garage have to be secured and alarmed? Personal protective equipment (PPE) PPE will need to be maintained correctly and all operators trained in its safe use. · Harnesses should be full-body with a means of connection to an anchorage point - do you use your own or are they provided? Are they energy absorbing or inertia-reel? Each one must be suitable for its intended purpose and be subject to regular inspection by the provider under the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998. · If lanyards feel gritty to touch or are damaged in any way, do not use them. · Gloves and overalls should be provided to protect the operators from adverse weather conditions but should not restrict their movement unnecessarily. Rigging cradles on the day If you are involved in the use of cradles rigged on the day, as well as ensuring that you and/or your employees check all the matters referred to in the previous paragraphs with respect to permanently rigged cradle systems, all users must be properly trained in all the aspects of setting up the units correctly. Do's and don'ts Do: l always wear a full-body harness with an energy absorbing or an inertia-reel lanyard to the current BS EN standards; · always attach the harness to a designated eyebolt or attachment point; · always ensure that all tools have lanyards attached; · always check the harness and other PPE is in good condition before using it. Don't: · use the SAE in adverse weather conditions, eg high winds, against manufacturer 's or expert advice; · access or leave the cradle other than at ground level or a designated safe access point; · enter the cradle from over the parapet unless your harness can be attached to a secure anchor point; · attempt any reckless or dangerous practices, eg rocking the cradle, dropping equipment to colleagues on the ground, taking friends 'joy riding'; · by-pass any safety device incorporated in any part of the system; · overload the cradle beyond its safe working load (SWL), eg extra materials or people. Mobile elevated working platforms (MEWPs) · The equipment's owners must have carried out their own written risk assessment on its use under the Management of Health and Safety At Work · Regulations 1999 and the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998. · People must not operate a MEWP unless they have been trained and authorised as competent or are undergoing formal training under close supervision. Training should be in accordance with a recognised scheme such as one run by the CITB or the International Powered Access Federation (IPAF). · The responsibility for providing training lies primarily with the window cleaning contractor as the employer but they must be provided with suitable information on the use of MEWPs by the equipment's owners, ie the building management or hire company. · The maximum number of people that may be carried on the platform and the safe working load should be clearly marked on the platform. · Anyone using the MEWP's platform must wear a full body harness in good condition, with an energy-absorbing or inertia-reel lanyard to the current BS EN standards. Use of such equipment as a fall restraint system that prevents falls is currently most common. If fall arrest is used (to stop someone once they have fallen), then a properly rated anchor point is essential (most are currently rated only for fall restraint). The clearance height of the platform should also be considered because, when working below 5 m, an energy-absorbing style lanyard may be too long to stop someone's fall. In all cases consult the maker of the equipment on its suitability. · A set of operating instructions must be available for use and reference whenever the MEWP is in use. · The maximum permissible wind speed in which the MEWP may operate or remain raised/extended should be clearly specified. · The maximum gradient on which a MEWP may operate should be clearly marked on the platform, and inclinometers should be provided to enable an operator to establish the slope of the ground. · Stabilisers/outriggers should be provided with suitable soleplates for use on soft ground. · Identify any localised ground hazards such as ducts, manhole covers, holes or voids. · Ensure no parts of the MEWP can protrude into any areas where vehicles may strike the MEWP. · The user of the MEWP should make use of information supplied by the manufacturer relating to the minimum supporting capacity of the ground needed by the MEWP and the site-specific risk assessment for the activity should take the nature of the working environment into account. · The person(s) on the platform should be in control of all movements at all times. However if, as in the case of the road vehicle type of chassis-supported MEWPs, where horizontal-travelling controls are at ground level, then there should be a suitable system of communication between platform personnel and the ground controller, eg two-way radios or an intercom system. · Guard-rails at least 920 mm high, with mid-rails or mesh infilling, and toeboards at least 150 mm high, should be provided at the edges of platforms. Alternatively, solid enclosures at least 920 mm high should be provided. Access gates should not open outwards and should return automatically to the closed and fastened position; a vertically sliding section of mid-rail can also be an acceptable means of access. · The upper surface of the platform should be made slip-resistant and adequate means of attachment for safety harnesses should be provided. Properly secured guard-rails may provide a suitable attachment point. · Before being used for the first time on-site, MEWPs should be thoroughly examined by a competent person and a copy of that examination report should be made available to the hirer/user. Travelling ladders and gantries Travelling ladders and gantries are normally found running across large areas of glazed roofing and may be powered or moved manually by the operators and (as when using SAE or MEWPs): · operators must be fully trained in the use of the equipment and the relevant safe system of work; · PPE should include full body harnesses with lanyards and suitable footwear; · work should not be undertaken in adverse environmental conditions, eg rain, ice or high winds; · rescue arrangements must be in place should an operative fall. Key elements to check on any travelling ladder or gantry system are: · Can the task reasonably be carried out from the ladder/gantry, ie is over-reaching a possibility? · Is there safe access to the travelling ladder/gantry? · Does the travelling ladder/gantry lock in position when being used or can the control box be activated by unauthorised people when the operators are on it, eg consider trapped-keyoperated controls? · Does the vertical sliding eyebolt/fall arrest system lock in position if an operative falls? · Are the operators using the ladder/gantry capable of moving it - does it need two or even three people to move it? · Do operators need to be provided with doublelanyard harnesses when transferring from one ladder to another because there is no intervening place of safety?For a free quotation for window cleaning services; telephone - 0870 240 6743